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disaster

英 [dɪˈzɑːstə(r)]

美 [dɪˈzæstər]

n.  灾难; 灾祸; 灾害; 不幸; 祸患; 彻底失败的人(或事)

复数：disasters　

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同义词辨析

tragedyadversitycalamitycatastrophedisastermisfortune【导航词义：悲剧，灾难】

tragedyn. 悲剧性事件，惨剧
〔辨析〕
指因有人死亡而令人震惊的不幸事件。
〔例证〕
Mother's sudden death was a tragedy to the family.
母亲的突然去世对全家是一个极大的不幸。
The tragedy he mentioned took place in March.
他提到的那一悲惨事件发生在3月。
The tragedy occurred during the earthquake when four people of the same family were killed.
地震中悲剧发生了，一家人中有四个丧命。
adversityn. 逆境，不幸
〔辨析〕
指困难重重或不走运的境况。
〔例证〕
The others were greatly inspired by his courage in the face of adversity.
他面对逆境的勇气极大地鼓舞了其他人。
He is always ready to deal with adversity.
他时刻准备着去应对逆境。
calamityn. 灾难，祸患
〔辨析〕
指意外发生的、造成重大损失的灾祸，语气强于 disaster，侧重于悲痛的心情；有时也指个人的不幸， 多为幽默用语。
〔例证〕
It will be a calamity for farmers if it keeps raining.
如果雨一直下个不停，将会给农民带来灾难。
The flood brought calamities to the local people.
洪水给当地民众带来了巨大灾难。
The marriage proved to be the greatest calamity of her life.
事实证明这桩婚姻是她一生中最大的不幸。
It will be a calamity if I fail my English exam.
这次英语考试我要是通不过就惨了。
catastrophen. 重大灾难；大祸
〔辨析〕
语气最强，指造成破坏、死亡的可怕灾难，强调最终的结局；也可指极为麻烦的局面或悲惨的结局。
〔例证〕
Food is required immediately to avert a humanitarian catastrophe.
急需食物以避免一场人道主义灾难。
The forest fire was a catastrophe.
那场森林火灾是个大灾难。
The natural catastrophe dealt a heavy blow to this country's economy.
这场自然灾害给该国经济带来了严重的打击。
If the project is cancelled, it will be a catastrophe for all of the companies concerned.
如果该项目取消，对所有相关公司将是个灾难。
disastern. 灾难，灾祸
〔辨析〕
普通用词，通常指各类人为或自然的灾祸，如核泄漏、洪水、暴风雪等。
〔例证〕
The plane flew through the clouds in time and a disaster was narrowly averted.
飞机及时地飞过了云层，侥幸避免了一场灾难。
The oil spill was a disaster for sea animals.
那次石油泄漏对海洋动物是一场灾难。
The conference turned out to be a complete disaster.
大会最终搞得一团糟。
They overcame the natural disaster and even had a bumper harvest.
他们战胜了自然灾害，甚至还获得了大丰收。
misfortunen. 不幸，灾祸
〔辨析〕
多指较为严重的不幸，强调多由厄运或外界因素所致。
〔例证〕
The climbers had the misfortune of running into a snowslide, but no one got hurt.
登山队员不幸遇到雪崩，但没有人受伤。
She is distressed by misfortune.
厄运使她忧伤。
We had the misfortune to run into a violent storm.
我们不幸遭遇了猛烈的暴风雨。
Misfortune befell me when I was still young.
我年纪还很小的时候就遭到了不幸。

习惯用语

    n.

      an accident/a disaster waiting to happen
    • 隐患
      a thing or person that is very likely to cause danger or a problem in the future because of the condition it is in or the way they behave

    牛津词典

      noun

      • 灾难；灾祸；灾害
        an unexpected event, such as a very bad accident, a flood or a fire, that kills a lot of people or causes a lot of damage
        1. an air disaster
          空难
        2. environmental disasters
          环境灾难
        3. Thousands died in the disaster.
          数千人在这场灾祸中丧生。
        4. a natural disaster (= one that is caused by nature)
          自然灾害
      • 不幸；祸患
        a very bad situation that causes problems
        1. Losing your job doesn't have to be such a disaster.
          丢了工作不一定就是大难临头。
        2. Disaster struck when the wheel came off.
          车轮脱落，灾难就来了。
        3. financial disaster
          严重的财政危机
        4. Letting her organize the party is a recipe for disaster (= something that is likely to go badly wrong) .
          让她来组织这次聚会非坏事不可。
      • 彻底失败的人（或事）
        a complete failure
        1. As a teacher, he's a disaster.
          他当老师压根儿就不称职。
        2. The play's first night was a total disaster.
          这出戏头一晚就彻底演砸了。

      柯林斯词典

      • N-COUNT (尤指伤亡惨重的)灾难，灾祸(如地震、坠机等)
        Adisasteris a very bad accident such as an earthquake or a plane crash, especially one in which a lot of people are killed.
        1. It was the second air disaster in the region in less than two months...
          这已经是该地区不到两个月内的第二次空难了。
        2. Many had lost all in the disaster and were destitute.
          很多人被灾难夺去了一切，变得一无所有。
      • N-COUNT 非常糟糕的事;彻底的失败;不幸
        If you refer to something as adisaster, you are emphasizing that you think it is extremely bad or unacceptable.
        1. The whole production was just a disaster!
          整个产品简直就是一个败笔！
        2. It would be a disaster for them not to reach the semi-finals...
          如果不能挺进半决赛，对他们来说就是完败。
        3. 'This tax is a disaster waiting to happen,' said an angry Tory backbencher.
          “这项税收将为日后埋下祸根，”一位愤怒的保守党后座议员说道。
      • N-UNCOUNT 灾祸;祸患
        Disasteris something which has very bad consequences for you.
        1. The government brought itself to the brink of fiscal disaster...
          政府把自己推向了财政危机的边缘。
        2. 'The potential for disaster is enormous,' he says.
          “这将会祸患无穷，”他说道。
      • 没有什么好结果；后患无穷
        If you say that something isa recipe for disaster, you mean that it is very likely to have unpleasant consequences.

        英英释义

        noun

        • an act that has disastrous consequences
          1. an event resulting in great loss and misfortune
            1. the whole city was affected by the irremediable calamity
            2. the earthquake was a disaster
            Synonym:calamitycatastrophetragedycataclysm
          2. a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune
            1. lack of funds has resulted in a catastrophe for our school system
            2. his policies were a disaster
            Synonym:catastrophe

          双语例句

          • 'This tax is a disaster waiting to happen,' said an angry Tory backbencher.
            “这项税收将为日后埋下祸根，”一位愤怒的保守党后座议员说道。
          • An investigation is underway to find out how the disaster happened
            调查已经展开，以查明灾难是如何发生的。
          • The pilots had to take emergency action to avoid a disaster
            飞行员不得不采取紧急措施避免灾难的发生。
          • It has called the typhoon the worst natural disaster in South Korea in many years
            它称这次台风为韩国多年来最严重的自然灾害。
          • Tens of thousands more suffered terrible injuries in the world's worst industrial disaster
            还有成千上万的人在那场全世界最严重的工业灾难中受了重伤。
          • Who could ever dream of a disaster like this?
            谁能想到会发生这样的灾难？
          • For Sandro, the new year brought disaster
            对桑德罗来说，新的一年带来的是灾难。
          • I think it's a disaster in the making.
            我认为这会是一场灾难。
          • A frightful traffic disaster was avoided.
            一次可怕的交通事故避免了。
          • You don't know how they suffered as disaster victims.
            你可不知道灾民的苦处。

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