file

英 [faɪl]

美 [faɪl]

n.  文件夹; 卷宗; (计算机的)文件; 档案
v.  把(文件等)归档; 提起(诉讼); 提出(申请); 送交(备案); 发送(报道给报社)

复数：files　过去分词：filed　过去式：filed　现在分词：filing　第三人称单数：files　

高考CET4考研TOEFLIELTSGRETEM4TEM8BEC计算机

Oxford 3000 / Collins.4 / BNC.1170 / COCA.1745

习惯用语

n.

(in) single file
• 一路纵队；单行
  (in) one line, one behind the other
• They made their way in single file along the cliff path.
  他们一个接着一个沿悬崖小径前进。

牛津词典

noun

• 文件夹；卷宗
  a box or folded piece of card for keeping loose papers together and in order
  1. a box file
     文件箱
  2. A stack of files awaited me on my desk.
     我桌上有一堆文件正待我去处理。
• （计算机的）文件
  a collection of information stored together in a computer, under a particular name
  1. to access/copy/create/delete/download/save a file
     打开 / 复制 / 新建 / 删除 / 下载 / 保存文件
  2. Every file on the same disk must have a different name.
     同一磁盘上的每一个文件都必须有不同的文件名。
• 档案
  a file and the information it contains, for example about a particular person or subject
  1. secret police files
     警方秘密档案
  2. to have/open/keep a confidential file on sb
     有 / 设立 / 保存某人的机密档案
  3. Your application will be kept on file (= in a file, to be used later) .
     你的申请书将存档。
  4. Police have reopened the file (= have started collecting information again) on the missing girl.
     警方对失踪的女孩已重新建档调查。
• 锉；锉刀
  a metal tool with a rough surface for cutting or shaping hard substances or for making them smooth
• 排成一行的人（或物）
  a line of people or things, one behind the other
  1. They set off in file behind the teacher.
     他们跟在教师后面鱼贯出发。

verb

• 把（文件等）归档
  to put and keep documents, etc. in a particular place and in a particular order so that you can find them easily; to put a document into a file
  1. The forms should be filed alphabetically.
     这些表格应该按字母顺序归档。
  2. I filed the letters away in a drawer.
     我把信件存放到抽屉里了。
  3. Please file it in my ‘Research’ file.
     请把它归入我的研究类档案。
• 提起（诉讼）；提出（申请）；送交（备案）
  to present sth so that it can be officially recorded and dealt with
  1. to file for divorce
     提交离婚申请书
  2. to file a claim/complaint/petition/lawsuit
     提出索赔 / 申诉；呈交诉状；提起诉讼
• 发送（报道给报社）
  to send a report or a story to your employer
• 排成一行行走
  to walk in a line of people, one after the other, in a particular direction
  1. The doors of the museum opened and the visitors began to file in.
     博物馆开门了，参观者鱼贯而入。
• 锉平；锉去；锉薄；锉光滑
  to cut or shape sth or make sth smooth using a file
  1. to file your nails
     把指甲锉光滑

柯林斯词典

• N-COUNT 文件箱;文件夹
  Afileis a box or a folded piece of heavy paper or plastic in which letters or documents are kept.
  1. He sat behind a table on which were half a dozen files.
     他坐在一张放有6个文件夹的桌子后面。
  2. ...a file of insurance papers.
     一夹子保险文件
• N-COUNT 档案;卷宗
  Afileis a collection of information about a particular person or thing.
  1. There was stuff in that file that was private between me and Dr Denny...
     那份档案的有些内容是只应我和丹尼医生知道的。
  2. We already have files on people's tax details, mortgages and poll tax...
     我们已经建立了人们纳税详情、抵押贷款以及人头税的档案。
  3. You must record and keep a file of all expenses.
     必须对所有花费进行记录并存档。
• VERB 把(文件等）归档
  If youfilea document, you put it in the correct file.
  1. A secretary can file papers as efficiently as a floppy disk can store them...
     秘书归档文件时可以像软盘存储一样高效。
  2. They are all filed alphabetically under author.
     这些都是按照作者姓名的字母顺序归档的。
• (计算机的)文件
  In computing, afileis a set of related data that has its own name.
• VERB 提起(诉讼);提出(投诉、请求等)
  If youfilea formal or legal accusation, complaint, or request, you make it officially.
  1. A number of them have filed formal complaints against the police...
     他们中的许多人都对警方提出了正式控告。
  2. I filed for divorce on the grounds of adultery a few months later.
     几个月后我以通奸为由提起了离婚诉讼。
• VERB 发送，送交(新闻报道等)
  When someonefilesa report or a news story, they send or give it to their employer.
  1. Catherine Bond filed that report for the BBC from Nairobi...
     凯瑟琳·邦德从内罗毕向英国广播公司发送了那篇报道。
  2. He had to rush back to the office and file a housing story before the secretaries went home.
     他不得不冲回办公室，赶在秘书们回家之前提交一篇有关住房的新闻报道。
• VERB 排成纵列行进
  When a group of peoplefilessomewhere, they walk one behind the other in a line.
  1. She paused as the group of children filed out of the house...
     那群孩子从房子里鱼贯而出时，她停了下来。
  2. Slowly, people filed into the room and sat down.
     人们排成一列缓慢地依次走进房间，并坐了下来。
• 锉刀
  Afileis a hand tool which is used for rubbing hard objects to make them smooth, shape them, or cut through them.
• See also:Manicurists are skilled at shaping and filing nails.nail filerank and file
• PHRASE 记录(或保存)在档的
  Something that ison fileoronsomeone'sfilesis recorded or kept in a file or in a collection of information.
  1. His fingerprints were on file in Washington...
     他的指纹已在华盛顿记录在档。
  2. We'll keep your details on file...
     我们会把有关你的详细信息记录在档。
  3. It is one of the most desperate cases on her files.
     这是她记录的档案中最严重的案例之一。
• PHRASE 成纵队;成单列
  A group of people who are walking or standingin single fileare in a line, one behind the other.
  1. We were walking in single file to the lake.
     我们正排成一列朝湖边走去。
• PHRASAL VERB 把(文件等)归档
  If youfile awaya document, you put it in the correct file.
  1. When at home, most evenings would be spent reading, cutting up and filing away his photographs...
     晚上在家时，经常都是在看书或剪切和归类他的照片。
  2. The details are filed away by his three secretaries for future reference.
     他的3个秘书已经把详细情况归档备查。

英英释义

noun

• a steel hand tool with small sharp teeth on some or all of its surfaces
• office furniture consisting of a container for keeping papers in order
  Synonym:file cabinetfiling cabinet
• a set of related records (either written or electronic) kept together
  Synonym:data file
• a line of persons or things ranged one behind the other
  Synonym:single fileIndian file

verb

• file a formal charge against
  1. The suspect was charged with murdering his wife
  Synonym:chargelodge
• place in a container for keeping records
  1. File these bills, please
  Synonym:file away
• record in a public office or in a court of law
  1. file for divorce
  2. file a complaint
  Synonym:register
• smooth with a file
  1. file one's fingernails
• proceed in line
  1. The students filed into the classroom

双语例句

• How can I read a Microsoft Excel file on a computer that only has Works installed?
  我怎样在只安装了Works软件的电脑上读取微软的Excel文件呢？
• I selected a file and pressed the Delete key.
  我选定了一个文件，按下了删除键。
• He sat behind a table on which were half a dozen files.
  他坐在一张放有6个文件夹的桌子后面。
• The principal keeps all our school reports on file.
  校长把我校的所有报告都存档保存.
• When at home, most evenings would be spent reading, cutting up and filing away his photographs
  晚上在家时，经常都是在看书或剪切和归类他的照片。
• The details are filed away by his three secretaries for future reference.
  他的3个秘书已经把详细情况归档备查。
• We already have files on people's tax details, mortgages and poll tax
  我们已经建立了人们纳税详情、抵押贷款以及人头税的档案。
• Double click on the icon to open the file.
  双击图标打开文件。
• We were walking in single file to the lake.
  我们正排成一列朝湖边走去。
• We'll keep your details on file
  我们会把有关你的详细信息记录在档。