proportion

英 [prəˈpɔːʃn]

美 [prəˈpɔːrʃn]

n.  部分; 份额; 比例; 倍数关系; 正确的比例; 均衡; 匀称

复数：proportions　过去分词：proportioned　现在分词：proportioning　过去式：proportioned　第三人称单数：proportions　

CET4CET6考研TOEFLIELTSTEM4TEM8

Oxford 3000 / Collins.3 / BNC.1247 / COCA.3063

习惯用语

n.

keep sth in proportion
• 恰当地处事；看待事物恰如其分
  to react to sth in a sensible way and not think it is worse or more serious than it really is
out of (all) proportion (to sth)
• 不相称；不谐调
  larger, more serious, etc. in relation to sth than is necessary or appropriate
• They earn salaries out of all proportion to their ability.
  他们挣的工资与其能力不相称。
• The media have blown the incident up out of all proportion.
  媒体大肆渲染这件事。

牛津词典

noun

部分 part of whole
• 部分；份额
  a part or share of a whole
  1. Water covers a large proportion of the earth's surface.
     水覆盖了地球表面的大部分。
  2. Loam is a soil with roughly equal proportions of clay, sand and silt.
     壤土是由大约等份的黏土、沙和粉砂合成的。
  3. The proportion of regular smokers increases with age.
     习惯吸烟的人口比重随年龄的增长而上升。
  4. A higher proportion of Americans go on to higher education than is the case in Britain.
     美国人上大学的比例大于英国。
关系 relationship
• 比例；倍数关系
  the relationship of one thing to another in size, amount, etc.
  1. The proportion of men to women in the college has changed dramatically over the years.
     近年来，这个学院的男女学生比例出现了剧变。
  2. The basic ingredients are limestone and clay in the proportion 2:1.
     基本成分是石灰石和黏土，比例为2:1。
  3. The room is very long in proportion to (= relative to) its width.
     这房间的长度比宽度大很多。
• 正确的比例；均衡；匀称
  the correct relationship in size, degree, importance, etc. between one thing and another or between the parts of a whole
  1. You haven't drawn the figures in the foreground in proportion .
     你的前景人物画得不合比例。
  2. The head is out of proportion with the body.
     头部和身体不成比例。
  3. an impressive building with fine proportions
     比例谐调的雄伟建筑物
  4. Always try to keep a sense of proportion (= of the relative importance of different things) .
     应常记在心，事有轻重缓急之分。
大小；形状 size/shape
• 面积；体积；规模；程度
  the measurements of sth; its size and shape
  1. This method divides the task into more manageable proportions.
     这个方法把要完成的任务划分成较为易于操作的步骤。
  2. a food shortage that could soon reach crisis proportions
     可能会很快达到危机程度的粮食短缺
  3. a room of fairly generous proportions
     相当宽敞的屋子
数学 mathematics
• 等比关系；比例
  the equal relationship between two pairs of numbers, as in the statement ‘4 is to 8 as 6 is to 12’

柯林斯词典

• N-COUNT 部分
  Aproportion ofa group or an amount is a part of it.
  1. A large proportion of the dolphins in that area will eventually die...
     那片区域里的很大一部分海豚终将死去。
  2. A proportion of the rent is met by the city council.
     一部分租金由市政委员会支付。
• N-COUNT 比例
  Theproportion ofone kind of person or thing in a group is the number of people or things of that kind compared to the total number of people or things in the group.
  1. The proportion of women in the profession had risen to 17.3%...
     从事该职业的女性比例已升高到17.3%。
  2. The radio station has to include a substantial proportion of classical music.
     该电台不得不播放大量的古典音乐。
• N-COUNT 比例；比
  Theproportion ofone amounttoanother is the relationship between the two amounts in terms of how much there is of each thing.
  1. Women's bodies tend to have a higher proportion of fat to water.
     女性的身体内脂肪与水分的比例往往更高。
• N-PLURAL （通常指极其巨大的事物的）大小，尺寸
  If you refer to theproportionsof something, you are referring to its size, usually when this is extremely large.
  1. In the tropics plants grow to huge proportions.
     在热带，植物会长得非常高大。
  2. ...a fraud of breathtaking proportions.
     金额惊人的诈骗案
• N-PLURAL （艺术品或设计的各部分之间的）比例
  If you refer to theproportionsin a work of art or design, you are referring to the relative sizes of its different parts.
  1. You can vary the relative proportions of things in a picture very simply.
     你能很简单地改变一幅画中事物的相对比例。
• PREP-PHRASE 与…成比例；与…相称；按照
  If one thing increases or decreasesin proportion toanother thing, it increases or decreases to the same degree as that thing.
  1. The pressure in the cylinders would go up in proportion to the boiler pressure.
     汽缸内的压力会随着汽锅压力的增加而相应增加。
• PREP-PHRASE 与…相比
  If something is small or largein proportion tosomething else, it is small or large when compared with that thing.
  1. Children tend to have relatively larger heads than adults in proportion to the rest of their body.
     与成人相比，儿童头部占整个身体的比例相对较大。
• PREP-PHRASE 与…极不成比例；与…完全不相称
  If you say that something isout of all proportion tosomething else, you think that it is far greater or more serious than it should be.
  1. The punishment was out of all proportion to the crime.
     罚不当罪。
• PHRASE 过于看重/正确看待
  If you get somethingout of proportion, you think it is more important or worrying than it really is. If you keep somethingin proportion, you have a realistic view of how important it is.
  1. Everything just got blown out of proportion...
     所有一切都变得不可收拾了。
  2. We've got to keep this in proportion.
     我们应当正确对待这一点。
• PHRASE 区别轻重缓急的能力；分寸感；主次观念
  If someone has asense of proportion, they know what is really important and what is not.
  1. We must not lose our sense of proportion.
     我们不能丧失主次观念。

双语例句

• The tension grew in inverse proportion to the distance from their final destination.
  拉力的大小与他们离终点的距离成反比。
• There was a proportion of research, which I reckoned at not more than 30 percent, that was basic research.
  我估计基础研究的比例最多只占30%。
• The punishment was out of all proportion to the crime.
  罚不当罪。
• The proportion of women in middle management has risen to 40%.
  中层管理人员中女性所占比例已经上升至40%。
• You can vary the relative proportions of things in a picture very simply.
  你能很简单地改变一幅画中事物的相对比例。
• A high proportion of the new arrivals are skilled professionals
  新来的人中很大一部分是技术熟练的专业人士。
• The proportion of women in the profession had risen to 17.3%
  从事该职业的女性比例已升高到17.3%。
• A proportion of the rent is met by the city council.
  一部分租金由市政委员会支付。
• A high proportion of crime in any country is perpetrated by young males in their teens and twenties
  在任何国家的犯罪者中，十几二十几岁的青年男性都占了很高的比例。
• The Northern Region has a lower proportion of owner-occupiers than any other English region.
  北部地区房屋自用的比例低于英格兰任何其他地区。