recoil
英 [rɪˈkɔɪl , ˈriːkɔɪl]
美 [rɪˈkɔɪl , ˈriːkɔɪl]
v. 退缩; 畏缩; 对…作出厌恶(或恐惧)的反应; 反冲; 产生后坐力
n. 反冲; (尤指枪炮的)后坐力
过去式：recoiled 第三人称单数：recoils 现在分词：recoiling 过去分词：recoiled 复数：recoils
Collins.1 / BNC.14981 / COCA.13083
同义词辨析
recoilcowerflinchshrink【导航词义：退缩】
recoilv. 〈书〉退缩，畏缩
〔辨析〕
指因不喜欢或害怕某物而突然向后退，常用于 recoil from sb/sth 或recoil at sth 结构中。
〔例证〕
She recoiled in horror at the sight of a snake.
她一看见蛇就吓得往后缩。
Why did he recoil from her touch?
为什么她一碰他，他便往后缩？
We shouldn't recoil in the face of difficulty.
遇到困难我们不应该畏缩不前。
She recoiled in horror when she saw the state he was in.
看到他那个样子，她吓得直往后缩。
她一看见蛇就吓得往后缩。
Why did he recoil from her touch?
为什么她一碰他，他便往后缩？
We shouldn't recoil in the face of difficulty.
遇到困难我们不应该畏缩不前。
She recoiled in horror when she saw the state he was in.
看到他那个样子，她吓得直往后缩。
cowerv. 退缩，畏缩
〔辨析〕
指因害怕而蜷缩，常后接介词 against/under。
〔例证〕
The little boy would cower under the table when there was lightning.
一有闪电，这个小男孩就蜷缩到桌子底下。
His father cowered against the wall.
他父亲蜷缩在墙根儿。
His dog was cowering in a corner.
他的狗蜷缩在角落里。
一有闪电，这个小男孩就蜷缩到桌子底下。
His father cowered against the wall.
他父亲蜷缩在墙根儿。
His dog was cowering in a corner.
他的狗蜷缩在角落里。
flinchv. 退缩，畏缩
〔辨析〕
指由于疼痛、害怕或烦恼而退缩或躲开，常用于 flinch at sth 或 flinch away from sb/sth 结构中。
〔例证〕
Separated from his mother for such a long time, the boy flinched away from her when she tried to give him a hug.
由于分开了太长时间，当妈妈想拥抱他时，小男孩退缩着躲开了。
He flinched at the sight of the dog.
他一见到那条狗就往后退。
由于分开了太长时间，当妈妈想拥抱他时，小男孩退缩着躲开了。
He flinched at the sight of the dog.
他一见到那条狗就往后退。
shrinkv. 退缩，畏缩
〔辨析〕
尤指因恐惧而退缩，通常后接副词 away/back。
〔例证〕
The thief shrank back against the wall when he heard the police approaching.
听到警察朝这边走过来，小偷退到墙根儿。
The king's anger made his ministers shrink away from him.
国王大发脾气，大臣们纷纷退避。
She shrank away from his touch.
她往后一缩避开了他的触摸。
听到警察朝这边走过来，小偷退到墙根儿。
The king's anger made his ministers shrink away from him.
国王大发脾气，大臣们纷纷退避。
She shrank away from his touch.
她往后一缩避开了他的触摸。
牛津词典
verb
- 退缩；畏缩
to move your body quickly away from sb/sth because you find them or it frightening or unpleasant- She recoiled from his touch.
她躲开他的触摸。 - He recoiled in horror at the sight of the corpse.
他一见到尸体就吓得往后缩了。
- She recoiled from his touch.
- 对…作出厌恶（或恐惧）的反应
to react to an idea or a situation with strong dislike or fear- She recoiled from the idea of betraying her own brother.
背叛自己亲兄弟的这个想法使她感到恐惧。
- She recoiled from the idea of betraying her own brother.
- 反冲；产生后坐力
to move suddenly backwards when you fire it
noun
- 反冲；（尤指枪炮的）后坐力
a sudden movement backwards, especially of a gun when it is fired
柯林斯词典
- VERB 退缩;后退
If something makes yourecoil, you move your body quickly away from it because it frightens, offends, or hurts you.- For a moment I thought he was going to kiss me. I recoiled in horror...
我当时以为他要亲我，所以吓得直往后退。 - We are attracted by nice smells and recoil from nasty ones.
我们会被好闻的味道吸引，难闻的味道则会让我们退避三舍。 - Recoilis also a noun.
- His reaction was as much of a rebuff as a physical recoil.
他的反应既是身体的退缩，也是一种断然的拒绝。 - ...his small body jerking in recoil from the volume of his shouting.
他的小身板儿被他的喊叫声吓得猛地一缩
- For a moment I thought he was going to kiss me. I recoiled in horror...
- VERB （因为不喜欢而）拒绝，回绝，退避
If yourecoil fromdoing something orrecoil atthe idea of something, you refuse to do it or accept it because you dislike it so much.- People used to recoil from the idea of getting into debt...
过去人们不能接受欠债这种事情。 - She recoiled at the number of young girls who had to live by selling their bodies.
那么多年轻的女孩不得不靠出卖肉体谋生，她觉得难以接受。
- People used to recoil from the idea of getting into debt...
- N-SING （枪炮的）反冲
Therecoilof a gun is the quick backward movement that it makes when it is fired.- The policeman fires again, tensed against the recoil, unleashing round after round at his assailant...
警察再次开火，紧抵着反冲机构，不断向袭击他的人射击。 - I assembled the weapon, checked the firing and recoil mechanism and loaded it.
我把家伙组装起来，检查了一下击发和反冲机构，装上子弹。
- The policeman fires again, tensed against the recoil, unleashing round after round at his assailant...
The verb is pronounced /rɪ'kɔɪl/. The noun is pronounced /'riːkɔɪl/. 动词读作/rɪ'kɔɪl/。名词读作/'riːkɔɪl/。
英英释义
noun
- a movement back from an impact
- the backward jerk of a gun when it is fired
verb
- spring back, as from a forceful thrust
- The gun kicked back into my shoulder
- spring back
- The rubber ball bounced
- These particles do not resile but they unite after they collide
- draw back, as with fear or pain
- she flinched when they showed the slaughtering of the calf
- come back to the originator of an action with an undesired effect
- Your comments may backfire and cause you a lot of trouble
双语例句
- Kick back to recoil unexpectedly and violently.
突然而猛烈地弹回。 - Principle Analysis and Model Research of New Low Recoil Rarefaction Wave Gun
新型低后坐膨胀波火炮的原理分析及模型研究 - The utility model discloses a multi-purpose muzzle device used in large caliber firearms, which comprises a coupling end, a recoil cavity and a vent provided with a baffle.
本实用新型公开一种大口径枪械用多功能膛口装置，包括连接端、制退腔体和带有导流块的排气孔； - Most people would recoil from seeing a snake in the path.
路上看到蛇，大多数人会后退。 - Structural Design and Dynamic Characteristics Analysis for a Magneto-rheological Gun Recoil Shock Absorber under Impact Load
冲击载荷下的磁流变减振器结构设计与动态特性 - The experiment proved that the recoil force of the electromagnetic riveter has reduced greatly.
通过试验表明，优化后铆枪的后坐力明显减小。 - For conservation of momentum, the atom must recoil with a momentum of this magnitude in the opposite direction.
因为动量守恒，原子必然以这样大小的动量向相反方向反冲。 - Analysis of Interior Ballistics of Reduced Recoil Structure with Front Nozzle
喷管前置式减后坐武器内弹道机理分析 - By this way, the high-pressure gas thermodynamic features in the counter-recoil mechanism under the action of recoil impulsive and the actual performances of this mechanism were studied.
采用分段处理多变指数的方法研究了火炮后坐冲击作用下，复进机内密闭高压气体在火炮后坐瞬变过程中的热力学特性及复进机的实际工作性能。 - Recoil mechanism is the crucial part which controls the backward movement of a gun.
驻退机是反后坐装置中控制火炮后坐规律的关键部件。